Fibres are the long, fine, continuous threads or filaments which are obtained from plants and animals.
There are two types of fibres generally found:
(i) Animal fibres
(ii) Plant fibres
Silk and Wool are common animal fibres
Silk is obtained from silkworms whereas wool is Obtained from yak (Found in Tibet and Ladakh), sheep, Angora goat, goat, camels, llama and Alpaca (Found in South America). Wool is obtained from either fleece or hair of these animals. Therefore, silk and wool are examples of animal fibres. The hairs of camel, llama and alpaca can also be processed in order to yield wool. In India, wool is mostly reared from sheep. Sheep hair is first sheared off from the body, then goes into a series of processes from scoured, sorted, dried, dyed, spun and woven to yield wool.
Wool:
Sources of Wool: Obtained from yak (Found in Tibet and Ladakh), sheep, Angora
goat, goat, camels, llama and Alpaca (Found in South America).
Obtaining Wool Fibre:
The process of removal of fleece of the sheep along with a very thin layer of skin is called shearing.
Processing of Wool Fibre:
(i) Scouring: Sheared hair from sheep is cleaned and now washed in tanks to remove grease, dust and dirt.
(ii) Sorting: Cleaned hairs are taken to a factory where these hair of different quality are also separated.
(iii) The hair separated in the sorting process is sent into a ‘Carding’ machine where these loose wool fibres are combed into a sheet and then twisted into a rope or silver.
(iv) This silver is then twisted and stretched into a yarn.
(v) The yarn is now wound to form big balls of wool.
Silk:
Sericulture is the process of breeding and raising silkworms to obtain silk. Silkworms are caterpillars of silk moths.
The Life Cycle of Silkworms:
During its life cycle, the worms start spinning cocoons of silk fibres. Silk fibres are made up of protein. The Silk fibres obtained from cocoons are further separated out and reeled into silk threads. These silk threads are sent to weavers who weave silk threads into silk cloth. When the eggs of the silk moth hatch larvae are produced known as Caterpillar or Silkworms. The next stage of the caterpillar’s life is known as Pupa. The Caterpillar turns into a silk moth and the covering is called a cocoon. The caterpillar covers itself into silk and turns itself into Pupa.
CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 3 PDF Notes
For the students' utmost convenience, our notes of Class 7 Science Chapter 3 are made available in PDF format. Students can access these Class 7 Chapter 3 Science notes at any given time regardless of the device. They can download the notes in PDF format and revise all the lessons in offline mode or take a printout to have a hardcopy with them to carry anywhere. Our tutors have designed the PDF notes of Chapter 3 Science Class 7 notes in the most comprehensible language to build a strong foundation in the subject, which will help the students in years to come.
Fiber to Fabric Class 7 Revision Notes at a Glance
The Fiber to Fabric Class 7 notes will include the following sections in complete accordance with the NCERT pattern as prescribed by CBSE:
Definition and Types of Fibers: The following section will focus on introducing the students to Fibers and its Types.
Fibers are thin strands that are used for the production of fabric. The fibers are spun to form a yarn, which is then converted into a fabric by weaving on a loom.
Examples of fibers include wool, cotton, silk, jute, nylon, and polyester.
There are majorly two types of fibers that will be covered in Chapter 3 Class 7 Science notes:
Natural Fibers: As the name suggests, natural fibers are those types of fibers that are obtained from natural sources, namely, plants and animals.
Examples of some fibers that are obtained from plants are cotton and jute. While silk and wool are examples of animal fibers.
Synthetic Fibers: Synthetic fibers include those fibers that are man-made and cannot be found in nature. Its examples include rayon, polyester, acrylic, etc.
Plant Fibers: In the section of Fiber to Fabric Class 7 notes, students will learn in detail about different plant fibers and how they are used to produce fabrics.
Cotton: Cotton is a plant fiber that is obtained from the cotton plant. It is cultivated best in places with black soil and a warm climate. The fruits of the cotton plant through which cotton is obtained are called cotton bolls. The method by which the cotton fibers are separated from the seeds is called Ginning.
Jute: The stem of the jute plant is the main source of jute fiber. It is mainly cultivated during the rainy seasons in areas of Assam, West Bengal, and Bihar. Jute plants are usually harvested at the flowering stage, and the stems are soaked in water to rot. The jute fibers are separated from the rotten stems by hand.
Animal Fibers: Students will learn in detail about the following animal fibers and how they are obtained in this section of Class 7th Science Chapter 3 notes.
Silk: Silk is an animal fiber that is obtained from an insect called a silk moth. Sericulture is the process of cultivating silk. During its life cycle, a silkworm secretes fibers of proteins that harden in contact with the air and transform into silk fibers. The covering of silk fibers around the pupa is called a cocoon. These silk fibers are then separated from the silk moths and converted into silk thread.
Wool: Wool is sourced from many animals like goat, sheep, yak, camel, etc. Shearing is the procedure by which the fleece of the sheep or yak is removed to obtain wool fiber. The different steps that are involved in the processing of wool fiber are shearing, grading, carding, and spinning.
Yarn: Our notes of Class 7 Science Chapter 3 will also cover the details of the making of yarn from different fibers and how to convert the yarn into a fiber.
The Spinning of Cotton Yarn: Spinning is the process of making yarn from fiber. The various devices that are used for spinning a cotton yarn from cotton fibers are takli and charkha. To produce yarn on a large scale, spinning machines are used.
Processes That are Used to Make Fabrics From Yarn: The two main ways by which fabrics are produced from yarn are weaving and knitting. Weaving is a process that includes two sets of yarn that are involved in producing a fabric, while in knitting, a single yarn is used to produce a fabric of the cloth. Weaving is done with the help of looms, and knitting is done either by hands or machines.
History of Clothing Material: In the following portion of the Class 7 Science Chapter 3 notes, students will know about the history of clothing material. It will include details on how people used to wear clothes made of tree leaves and animal fur in earlier times. As time passed, they started wearing clothes made by weaving twigs or weaving vines and animal fleece into a fabric. With the sewing needle discovery, people started wearing stitched clothes, which have evolved a lot over time.
Key Features of Class 7 Science Chapter 2 Fibre to Fabric
Prepared by highly experienced teachers
Available in PDF format
Can be downloaded for absolutely free
Covers all important topics and sub-topics of Fibres and Fabrics
Topic-wise easy-to-understand notes
In accordance with the updated CBSE syllabus for Class 7 Science
Benefits of Studying Class 7 Science Chapter 3 Fibre to Fabric
Vedantu provides the Class 7 Science Chapter 3 Notes for the last-minute revision purposes of students. These notes are prepared by our Science subject matter experts who have highlighted the key points under each topic covered in this chapter.
The processes involved in obtaining fabric from various fibres are explained in steps with proper terminology and labelled diagrams. Thus, students will be able to figure out the correct way of answering the questions asked in the exam from this chapter by studying these revision notes.
Definitions of plant fibres, synthetic fibre, the life cycle of silk worms, etc. are explained under separate headings in this notes PDF, thereby making it easier to learn and revise for students. This concise format of the CBSE Class 7 Fibre and Fabric revision notes makes it less time-consuming for students to revise this chapter before the exam.
Chapter wise Revision Notes for Class 7 Science
Chapter 1 - Nutrition in Plants Notes
Chapter 2 - Nutrition in Animals Notes
Chapter 4 - Heat Notes
Chapter 5 - Acids, Bases and Salts Notes
Chapter 6 - Physical and Chemical Changes Notes
Chapter 7 - Weather, Climate and Adaptations of Animals to Climate Notes
Chapter 8 - Winds, storms and cyclones Notes
Chapter 9 - Soil Notes
Chapter 10 - Respiration in Organisms Notes
Chapter 11 - Transportation in Animals and Plants Notes
Chapter 12 - Reproduction in Plants Notes
Chapter 13 - Motion and Time Notes
Chapter 14 - Electric Current and Its Effects Notes
Chapter 15 - Light Notes
Chapter 16 - Water: A Precious Resource Notes
Chapter 17 - Forests: Our Lifeline Notes
Chapter 18 - Wastewater Story Notes
Conclusion
Thus, by studying this chapter of the CBSE Class 7 Science syllabus, students are expected to develop a thorough understanding of fibres and how the different fabrics like wool, silks, cotton, etc. are obtained for the clothes they wear. The fact that fibres and fabrics have a direct connection with the commodities we use daily makes it even more interesting for students to learn this chapter. Going through these revision notes, after reading the chapter from the textbook, students will be able to answer all types of questions in the exam, from this chapter. So they can download the CBSE Class 7 Science Chapter 3 Fibre and Fabric from Vedantu for free and refer to it for their exam preparation.
